Management comprises process or activities via planning, organizing, controlling, directing and initiating operation of an organization. For smooth functioning and achieving of organization’s predetermined goals, optimal utilization of its resources like men, money, material and machines is necessary.

Planning

Planning is basic to all managerial functions. It is a process of selecting one course of action from different alternatives, for achieving the stated goals, objective and targets. It is a decision making process determining in advance what to do, when to do, how to do what is to do. Planning creates a frame of activity and events which are to happen or a runway for achieving corporate goals, objective and targets. Planning process demands resource allocation through decision making. The organization may have a plan; but question is how effective the plan is.

Organizing

Organizing is an important step in the managerial process and relates to the people in an enterprise. It deals with a quantitative and a qualitative aspect of manpower in terms of placement, the roles they and the relations amongst them, with the aim that they work together effectively towards accomplishing the goals, objectives and the targets of the organization. In essence, it deals with organizing the manpower resources for a given plan of execution.

Staffing

The function of staffing deals with manning the enterprise as per the organization structure so that they together implement the process of the management. Staffing involves not only selection of a person but also appraisal and development so that they perform their designated roles. The selection of a person is a difficult task.

Coordinating and Directing

After organizing the resources and staffing the planned activities, the business plan is launched. The process of implementing the plan is dynamic. It calls upon the manager to perform a number of things in a coordinated manner so that the plan remains valid and the development takes place as per the plan.

Controlling

The last but the most important step in the process of management is controlling, the successful execution of management plan. Without control, the process becomes unproductive. The purpose of control is to regulate the process in such a way that the management process continuously strives for the achievement of the goals, objectives and targets. The control is exercised through a system.