1. Forming
In this initial stage, members come together and get to know each other. They may be polite and cautious as they establish relationships. The group's purpose and goals are discussed, but not everyone is clear about their roles yet.
2. Storming
As members start to interact more, conflicts and differences in opinions may arise. This stage involves some tension as people express their ideas and challenge each other. The group needs to address these conflicts to move forward.
3. Norming
In this stage, the group begins to resolve conflicts and establish norms (rules for behaviour). Members start to work more cohesively, developing trust and collaboration. Roles become clearer, and the group becomes more organised.
4. Performing
At this stage, the group is functioning effectively. Members work together toward common goals, using their strengths and skills to achieve tasks. Communication is open, and the group is productive.
5. Adjourning
This final stage occurs when the group's task is completed, and they disband. Members may reflect on their experiences and accomplishments, celebrate their successes, and discuss what they learned.
In short, group formation involves five stages: